Surgical Oncology
What is oncologic surgery?
Oncologic surgery deals with the surgical management of malignant (neoplastic) disease. It is a major subspecialty of general surgery and, in many cases, the only treatment modality that can potentially lead to cure – that is, the complete and definitive treatment of cancer – whenever this is feasible.
Core principles of oncologic surgery
Thorough preoperative assessment and tumour staging
Detailed evaluation of the patient’s overall condition and accurate staging of the tumour before any intervention.Excellent knowledge of surgical anatomy and techniques
The surgeon must be fully familiar with the regional anatomy and all appropriate operative approaches.Understanding of tumour biology and spread
Knowledge of the specific behaviour of each tumour type and its possible routes of local and distant dissemination.Adherence to evidence-based guidelines
Strict application of international and national guidelines according to the type and stage of the tumour.Radical tumour resection
Complete excision of the tumour with appropriate margins and lymphadenectomy, in line with current oncologic standards.Multidisciplinary decision-making
Joint evaluation of each oncology patient by a team of specialists (medical oncologists, radiologists, radiation oncologists, pathologists, gastroenterologists, etc.), always respecting the particular needs and vulnerability of the oncology patient.Avoidance of non-beneficial interventions
Every diagnostic or therapeutic act must offer proven benefit; unnecessary procedures that do not improve outcome should be avoided.
Any therapeutic plan for a patient with cancer is discussed in detail and tailored individually within the framework of a multidisciplinary tumour board, in which, apart from the surgical team, medical oncologists, gastroenterologists, radiologists and radiation oncologists actively participate. Careful preoperative planning – both of the surgical procedure itself and of the overall treatment strategy – is fundamental. Modern surgery can offer radical solutions with minimally invasive techniques, even in complex oncologic cases.
Comprehensive care throughout the cancer journey
High-quality medical care in oncology includes full commitment and close involvement at every stage of the patient’s pathway:
prevention and screening
early diagnosis
staging of the disease
local and/or systemic treatment
follow-up and surveillance
rehabilitation or palliative/supportive care
The goal is not only to achieve the best possible oncologic outcome, but also to maintain the best feasible quality of life for each individual patient.